Understanding how to wire a light switch correctly is a fundamental skill for any homeowner or DIY enthusiast. Specifically, when you encounter a switch with terminals labeled L1, L2, and Com, it’s crucial to know their purpose and how to connect them. This article will demystify the process of how to wire a light switch L1 L2 Com, ensuring your lighting fixtures operate safely and efficiently.
Understanding L1, L2, and Com on Your Light Switch
The terms L1, L2, and Com refer to the three primary connection points on many standard single-pole and three-way light switches. Each terminal plays a distinct role in controlling the flow of electricity to your lights. Understanding these roles is key to a successful and safe wiring job.
- Com (Common): This terminal is the "common" point where the power source either enters or exits the switch. In a simple single-pole switch, the hot wire from your electrical panel will connect to the Com terminal. In a three-way switch setup, the Com terminal is where the power originates from the circuit breaker panel (on one switch) or where the power then travels to the light fixture (on the other switch). The proper connection of the Com terminal is vital for the switch to function at all.
- L1 and L2 (Line 1 and Line 2): These terminals are the "switched" terminals. In a single-pole switch, L1 (or sometimes it's just a single screw without a specific L designation, and the other screw is the Com) will be connected to the wire that leads to your light fixture. In a three-way switch setup, L1 and L2 are used to connect the "traveler" wires between the two switches. These traveler wires carry the switched power back and forth between the two switches, allowing you to control the light from multiple locations.
Here's a quick breakdown of how these terminals typically function:
| Terminal | Function |
|---|---|
| Com | Common connection point for incoming/outgoing power. |
| L1 | Switched terminal; connects to the light fixture (single-pole) or a traveler wire (three-way). |
| L2 | Switched terminal; connects to a traveler wire (three-way). |
The specific labeling might vary slightly between manufacturers, but the functionality remains consistent. Always double-check the manufacturer's instructions if you are unsure. For example, some single-pole switches might only have two screw terminals, where one is clearly marked "Com" or "Line" and the other is for the "Load" or "Switched" wire.
For a more in-depth explanation and visual aids that complement this guide, we recommend reviewing the detailed diagrams and step-by-step instructions provided in the Electrical Safety Foundation International (ESFI) resources.